{"id":20258,"date":"2019-12-14T00:47:30","date_gmt":"2019-12-14T00:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/un38-3-standard-requirements-for-lithium-battery-production\/"},"modified":"2024-11-08T10:20:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T03:20:03","slug":"un38-3-standard-requirements-for-lithium-battery-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/un38-3-standard-requirements-for-lithium-battery-production\/","title":{"rendered":"UN38.3 – C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

UN38.3 C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3 bao g\u1ed3m 8 m\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sau:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • T1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T2,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Rung \u0111\u1ed9ng T3,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • S\u1ed1c T4,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • T5 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • T6 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng (l\u00f5i pin lithium),<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • T7 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i (pin lithium ho\u1eb7c pin lithium)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • X\u1ea3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c T8 (pin lithium).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin lithium ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 pin lithium, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n 7 m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra T1 \u2192 T5, T6 v\u00e0 T7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cell pin lithium, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra T1 \u2192 T5, T6 v\u00e0 T8. <\/span><\/span>Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra T6, T7 v\u00e0 T8 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra T1 \u2192 T5 ki\u1ec3m tra tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    So s\u00e1nh UN38.3 v\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

    So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n pin lithium qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3 kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m T1 \u2192 T5 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN3813 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu pin lithium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m T1 \u2192 T5 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN 38.3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN3813 sau khi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chu k\u1ef3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb B\u1ea3ng 1 r\u1eb1ng so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IEC62133, th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN3813 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 6 gi\u1edd v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 -40 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C. Chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. D\u1ec5 khi\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a cell pin b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00ed. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khi kh\u00ed sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00ed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf pin ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m b\u00ean trong, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    So s\u00e1nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3 v\u00e0 IEC62133<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    D\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nB\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 75 \u00b1 2 \u2103 trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 6 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m -40 \u00b1 2 \u2103 trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 6 gi\u1edd. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i \u0111a gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 30 ph\u00fat. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 10 l\u1ea7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cell th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 20 \u00b1 5 \u2103 trong 24 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i cell ho\u1eb7c \u1eafc quy th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 90% \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC62133<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n1. \u0110\u1eb7t cell \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 pin \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 75 \u00b0 C \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C trong 4 gi\u1edd<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    2. Gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ed1ng 20\u2103 \u00b1 5\u2103 trong v\u00f2ng 30 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2H<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    3. Gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ed1ng -20\u2103 \u00b1 2\u2103 trong v\u00f2ng 30 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec 4H<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    4. T\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean 20\u2103 \u00b1 5\u2103 trong v\u00f2ng 30 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2 gi\u1edd<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    5. L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean trong 4 chu k\u1ef3.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    6. Sau chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 5, h\u00e3y c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra pin trong th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 24 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n

    		Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN3813 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

    Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN3813, pin lithium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y (100% SOC). Do \u0111\u00f3, khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u00ean trong pin, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin, khi t\u00edch t\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb khe h\u1edf trong v\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i h\u00e0n.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sau:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa v\u1ecf pin v\u00e0 n\u1eafp pin kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00edn;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    2. C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, v\u1ebft r\u1ea1n, v.v.;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Khi bi th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a bi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bi th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u1eafp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    4. C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n ch\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 khe h\u1edf;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    5. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a gio\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 trong chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a pin b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y pin \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a pin b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, khi\u1ebfn pin b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 hai<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      Ngo\u00e0i ra, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 pin lithium kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n b\u00ean trong pin trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean, pin lithium b\u1ecb ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean kh\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung trong l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c cao ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Pin c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin lithium trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pin lithium.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pin lithium, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 75 \u2103, -40 \u2103 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa 75 \u2103 v\u00e0 -40 \u2103 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. T\u00ecm ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00ed \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a pin lithium.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 ba<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

      Trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, cell lithium b\u1ecb ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean trong chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung v\u00e0 s\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u00ean trong trong chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0n xung quanh v\u1ecf. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t s\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c. Trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i sau th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va \u0111\u1eadp, pin lithium \u0111\u01a1n cell n\u00f3ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf. Khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean y\u1ebfu, khi\u1ebfn v\u1ecf b\u1ecb v\u1ee1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong <\/span><\/span>ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UN38.3<\/span><\/span><\/a> :<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n