{"id":19682,"date":"2023-07-13T09:26:46","date_gmt":"2023-07-13T09:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/ev-lithium-battery-thermal-test\/"},"modified":"2024-10-21T20:15:02","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T13:15:02","slug":"ev-lithium-battery-thermal-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/ev-lithium-battery-thermal-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec7t pin Lithium EV"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, pin \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin \u0111i\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a xe truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec, pin niken-cadmi, pin niken-kim lo\u1ea1i hydride, pin lithium ion v\u00e0 pin si\u00eau t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Pin \u0111i\u1ec7n lithium ion \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf pin axit ch\u00ec, pin niken-cadmi v\u00e0 pin niken-kim lo\u1ea1i hydride l\u00e0m pin \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh cho xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ri\u00eang cao, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p, th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00e2u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pin \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u cell pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 song song \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m pin. C\u00e1c cell pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3, m\u1ed7i cell t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec7t do c\u00e1c cell pin t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m pin t\u0103ng nhanh, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 pin \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tai n\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, khi pin \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 pin lithium-ion \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion l\u00e0 do m\u00e0ng SEI, tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ion lithium trong \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00fd do kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a pin v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 pin \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin hay kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a pin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1 S\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 pin \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a pin lithium mangan oxit 35Ah trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c cell pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo trong kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 pin, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 16 k\u00eanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 pin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.1 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 pin<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, x\u1ea3 pin \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 0,3C, 0,5C, 1C, 2C, 3C v\u00e0 4C. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, treo pin trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3, s\u1ea1c pin \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 1C\/3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00ean trong 2 gi\u1edd sau khi s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y; Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1eaft l\u00e0 3V. Do th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat \u1edf c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 so s\u00e1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf m\u1ee9c 20 \u2103 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00fat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tai d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi tai \u00e2m, v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tai d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tai \u00e2m c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng nhanh. Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf 0,3C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tai d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20\u2103 l\u00ean 21,9\u2103, ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng 95%;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf 1 \u0111\u1ed9 C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 C l\u00ean 24,3 \u0111\u1ed9 C, t\u0103ng 21,5%; Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf 2 \u0111\u1ed9 C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng 48% t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 C l\u00ean 29,6 \u0111\u1ed9 C; Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf 4 \u0111\u1ed9 C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 C l\u00ean 36,96 \u0111\u1ed9 C, t\u0103ng 84,8%. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, khi pin x\u1ea3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng pin s\u1ebd b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n pin c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3, ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1ea3 sau.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3, trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c, pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 1C\/3, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1eaft l\u00e0 3V. Sau khi x\u1ea3 xong, \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00ean trong 2 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 0,3C, 0,5C, 1C, 2C, 3C v\u00e0 4C. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m c\u1ee7a pin trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hai c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng nhanh; Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hai c\u1ef1c pin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a pin gi\u1ea3m. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a pin, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong pin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng nhau, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n pin c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tai d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tai \u00e2m. Qua c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh nhi\u1ec7t khi s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 pin trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng nhanh, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng pin v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nguy hi\u1ec3m. Do \u0111\u00f3, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb pin, nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 pin trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2 X\u1ea3 pin \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

Do th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong <\/span><\/span>bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span><\/a> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a pin b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a pin m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pin g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. Trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i 35A v\u00e0 70A \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin. D\u01b0\u1edbi 0 \u2103, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7a pin ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 4,2V, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a pin t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a pin \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf c\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 1C\/3C \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 trong bu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong 5 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, x\u1ea3 \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1eaft l\u00e0 3V. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 0 \u2103 ~ -40 \u2103, x\u1ea3 \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 10A, 35A, 70A v\u00e0 140A. \u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin \u1edf 20 \u2103 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecfa ra c\u1ee7a pin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0o trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, pin t\u1ecfa ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng thung l\u0169ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p x\u1ea3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 x\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i 70A, khi x\u1ea3 \u1edf 20 \u2103 v\u00e0 0 \u2103, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec9nh thung l\u0169ng n\u00e0o. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 -10 \u2103, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 -20 \u2103, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh thung l\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a pin gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 4,15V tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng 3,07V, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0 108V. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 3,35V, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong pin kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong c\u1ee7a pin cao.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin gi\u1ea3m nhanh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 di\u1ec5n ra, do \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong c\u1ee7a pin cao, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra b\u00ean trong pin, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng nhanh, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf trong c\u1ee7a pin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra gi\u1ea3m. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c -20 \u2103, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u01a1n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, n\u1ebfu pin \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3 K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 t\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin t\u0103ng nhanh. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u1ea3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 cao, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t pin \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 pin trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a pin. Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m pin, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng pin tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, pin \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin \u0111i\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a xe<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19683,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc-cong-nghe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19682"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21977,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19682\/revisions\/21977"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgbellvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}